ABSTRACT Objective The radiological and functional lung sequelae in COVID-19 survivors remain unclear. We compared the chest computed tomography findings of COVID-19 patients with normal and abnormal pulmonary function test results in the post-recovery phase. Methods The data of consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary function tests and chest computed tomography within 14 days after recovery from COVID-19 at two medical centers between May and October 2020 were collected retrospectively. Two thoracic radiologists who were blinded to the clinical information and pulmonary function test results classified the patients according to the computed tomography features, evidence of fibrotic-like changes, and semi-quantitative quantification of the extent of pulmonary abnormalities. The clinical characteristics and computed tomography findings of patients with normal pulmonary function test results were compared with those of patients with abnormal results. Results A total of 101 COVID-19 survivors, comprising 48 ambulatory and 53 hospitalized patients, were included at a median of 95 days from initial symptom onset. Computed tomography revealed fibrotic-like changes in 10.9% of patients. A reduction in the diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide was the most common lung function abnormality (19.8%). Abnormal diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide was associated with the presence and extension of lung opacities on chest computed tomography scans and fibrotic pulmonary abnormalities. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of reduced diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide for detecting fibrotic-like pulmonary changes on chest computed tomography scans were 72.7%, 87.8%, and 86.1%, respectively. Conclusion Our study suggests that the presence of an abnormal diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide in the post-recovery phase of COVID-19 is associated with a greater risk of long-term parenchymal lung disease, as evidenced by the presence of fibrotic-like changes on chest computed tomography scans, such as traction bronchiectasis and architectural distortion.

ABSTRACT. The palm tree juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart) is considered one of the most important and threatened native species in the Atlantic Forest. The search for juçara seeds (Euterpe edulis Martius) has increased, generating a need for technologies favorable to their production, quality and conservation. The aim of this study was to describe the seed germination patterns of 45 juçara accessions by using a nonlinear model to examine the behavior of these patterns and select superior genotypes. After clustering 45 juçara accessions into four groups, four nonlinear models, namely, the logistic, Gompertz, von Bertalanffy and Weibull models, were tested based on their fit for each group of accessions. The Gompertz model presented the best fit to describe the germination growth curve of E. edulis seeds. Groups 3 and 4 presented the highest daily germination rates and were considered the most vigorous. Analysis of deviance was performed, revealing genetic variability among the genotypes in terms of seed germination and vigor. It was possible to find a nonlinear model that best explained our data, and this model may also be a promising model for other palm tree species. It is possible to select genotypes based on the characters we analyzed, due to the elevated genetic variability.

RESUMO O presente artigo apresenta a construção do índice de salubridade ambiental domiciliar focado no meio rural (ISA/DR) como instrumento para diagnóstico e avaliação das condições de saúde-ambiente em meio rural, assim como sua aplicação em comunidades ribeirinhas da Amazônia. A construção do ISA/DR foi realizada com base em três referenciais: a teoria do índice de salubridade ambiental urbana para áreas de ocupações espontâneas; os aspectos teóricos e conceituais da relação saneamento e saúde; e as informações resultantes de diagnósticos de saneamento e pesquisas socioeconômicas realizadas em comunidades ribeirinhas. Para quantificar os diferentes níveis de salubridade ambiental domiciliar rural, foi efetuada a aplicação do ISA/DR aos domicílios de oito comunidades localizadas em duas unidades de conservação de uso sustentável no estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Apesar das comunidades apresentarem características sociais, econômicas, culturais e ambientais relativamente semelhantes, o ISA/DR, como instrumento de representação de fenômenos da realidade vivenciada (salubridade ambiental domiciliar), teve sensibilidade suficiente para captar a variação da situação de salubridade dos domicílios entre as comunidades estudadas. Dessa forma, recomenda-se o ISA/DR como instrumento que permite apontar cenários que direcionariam as prioridades de investimentos e ações de políticas públicas voltadas à reversão da realidade de saúde e salubridade ambiental de domicílios do meio rural brasileiro.

ABSTRACT This paper aims to present the construction of a household environmental health index focused on rural areas (ISA/DR) as a tool for diagnosis and assessment of the rural health-environment conditions, as well as its application for Amazon rural communities. The ISA/DR construction was conducted based on three benchmarks: the theory of environmental health index for spontaneous urban areas occupations; the theoretical and conceptual aspects of the relation between water supply, sanitation and health; and the information from sanitation and socioeconomic surveys in Amazon rural communities. To quantify the different levels of environmental health situation of rural household, we applied the ISA/DR to households in eight communities located in two protected areas for sustainable use in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Although the communities present relatively homogeneous social, economic, cultural and environmental characteristics, the use of ISA/DR as a tool for representing the phenomena of the experienced reality (household environmental health) was sensitive enough to capture the variation in the environmental health status among households of the studied communities. Therefore, we conclude that ISA/DR could be used as a tool that could direct investment priorities and public policies actions that aim at reversing the reality of environmental health of Brazilian rural households.

This article aims to reflect on the reasons that lead canonical criticism of Nikos Kazantzakis to worry a lot more about unraveling the author´s personality and less about his own work, to which it addresses, often as an object for elucidating the aesthetic and philosophical project of the author. We propose to demonstrate further that the treatment to Kazantzakis and his work is not only due to the position of criticism, but rather shows a trend encouraged by the author, who finds in literature the meta-political action for personal redemption, and to work towards collective salvation in times of crisis.

Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre las razones que llevan la crítica canónica de Nikos Kazantzakis a preocuparse mucho más por desentrañar la personalidad del autor, y menos por su propia obra, a la cual se dirige, a menudo, como objeto de elucidación del proyecto estético y filosófico del autor. Nos proponemos demostrar, además, que el tratamiento sobre Kazantzakis y su trabajo no es sólo debido a la posición de la crítica, sino más bien muestra una tendencia alentada por el autor, que encuentra en la literatura la acción meta-política para su redención personal, así como para trabajar en pro de la salvación colectiva en tiempos de crisis.

The success of the germination process depends on the entry of water through the tissues that enclose the embryo. The presence of salts reduces the gradient between the ground and the surface of the seed, restricting the absorption of water by the seed. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of salinity and temperature on the germination of carrot seeds. The osmotic potentials utilized in the solutions were 0.0 (control); -0.4; -0.8; -1.2, -1.6 and -2.0 MPa. obtained with the use of NaCl p.a.; the temperatures used were 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, 35 °C, 15-35 °C and 25-35 °C. A commercial variety of carrot seeds, the 'Brasilia' cultivar, was used. Percentage germination, germination speed index, fresh and dry mass of seedlings were determined. The averages were subjected to analysis of regression. Germination was reduced by the temperature of 35 °C and by osmotic potentials greater than -0.8 MPa. Temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C are more favorable to the germination of seeds in the GSI salt conditions tested.

El éxito en el proceso de la germinación depende del agua que ingresa a través de los tejidos que rodean la semilla. La presencia de sal reduce el gradiente entre el suelo y la superficie de la semilla, lo que limita la absorción del agua por la semilla. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la salinidad y la temperatura sobre la germinación de semillas de zanahoria. El potencial osmótico utilizado en las soluciones fue 0,0 (control); - 0,4; -0,8; -1,2, -1,6 y 2,0 Mpa, obtenidas con el uso de NaCl, y las temperaturas utilizadas fueron 15 °C 20 °C 25 °C 35 °C 15-35 °C y 25- 35 °C. En las evaluaciones, se utilizó un lote comercial de Brasilia. En las evaluaciones de semillas de zanahoria cv se midieron porcentaje de germinación, índice de velocidad de germinación, peso fresco y seco de las plántulas. Las medias fueron sometidos a análisis de regresión. En el ensayo, la germinación se redujo en 35 °C en potencial osmótico mayor que -0,8 MPa. Las temperaturas de 20 °C y 25 °C son más favorables para la germinación y la tasa de germinación de las condiciones ensayadas.

ABSTRACT The aim of the report is to describe the experience of a workshop focused on the Promotion of Quality of Life at Work with nursing staff. This is an experience report about the performance of a workshop with nursing staff of a university hospital. Participants in the workshop were 60 nursing staff, with six workstations for the Promotion of Quality of Life at Work. Six workstations were carried out, simultaneously, with approximately 10 workers in each and an average duration of 30 minutes. The stations were conducted by nurses and physiotherapists with the support of a professor, covering themes relevant to the Health of the worker. The report aims to contribute to broadening the discussions on the subject, offering subsidies to rethink the work process and possible interventions aimed at improving working conditions, empowering workers in relation to self-care and preventing accidents and diseases.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue describir la experiencia de la realización de un workshop para la Promoción de la Cualidad de Vida en el Trabajo con trabajadores de enfermería. Es un relato de experiencia acerca de la realización de un workshop con trabajadores de enfermería de un hospital universitario. Participaron del workshop 60 trabajadores de enfermería en seis estaciones de trabajo destinadas a la Promoción de la Cualidad de Vida en el Trabajo. Fueron realizadas seis estaciones de trabajo, de modo simultáneo, con aproximadamente 10 trabajadores en cada una y duración media de 30 minutos. Las estaciones fueron conducidas por enfermeros y fisioterapeutas con el apoyo de docente y temáticas relevantes para la Salud del trabajador. El relato pretende contribuir para ampliación de las discusiones acerca del tema, ofrecendo subsidios para repensar el proceso de trabajo y las posibles intervenciones a fin de mejorar las condiciones de trabajo, empoderamiento de los trabajadores acerca del autocuidado y prevención de accidentes y enfermedades.

RESUMO O objetivo do relato é descrever a experiência da realização de um workshop direcionado à Promoção da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho com trabalhadores de enfermagem. Trata-se de relato de experiência sobre a realização de um workshop com trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital universitário. Participaram do workshop 60 trabalhadores de enfermagem em seis estações de trabalho destinadas à Promoção da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho. Foram realizadas seis estações de trabalho, simultaneamente, com aproximadamente 10 trabalhadores em cada uma e duração média de 30 minutos. As estações foram conduzidas por enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas com o apoio de docente e temáticas relevantes para a Saúde do trabalhador. O relato visa contribuir para ampliação das discussões sobre o tema, oferecendo subsídios para repensar o processo de trabalho e as possíveis intervenções com vistas à melhoria das condições de trabalho, empoderamento dos trabalhadores no tocante ao autocuidado e prevenção de acidentes e doenças.

Background Snake venoms are complex mixtures of inorganic and organic components, mainly proteins and peptides. Standardization of methods for isolating bioactive molecules from snake venoms is extremely difficult due to the complex and highly variable composition of venoms, which can be influenced by factors such as age and geographic location of the specimen. Therefore, this study aimed to standardize a simple purification methodology for obtaining a P-I class metalloprotease (MP) and an acidic phospholipase A2 (PLA 2 ) from Bothrops atroxvenom, and biochemically characterize these molecules to enable future functional studies.Methods To obtain the toxins of interest, a method has been standardized using consecutive isolation steps. The purity level of the molecules was confirmed by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE. The enzymes were characterized by determining their molecular masses, isoelectric points, specific functional activity and partial amino acid sequencing.Results The metalloprotease presented molecular mass of 22.9 kDa and pI 7.4, with hemorrhagic and fibrin(ogen)olytic activities, and its partial amino acid sequence revealed high similarity with other P-I class metalloproteases. These results suggest that the isolated metalloprotease is Batroxase, a P-I metalloprotease previously described by our research group. The phospholipase A 2 showed molecular mass of 13.7 kDa and pI 6.5, with high phospholipase activity and similarity to other acidic PLA2 s from snake venoms. These data suggest that the acidic PLA2 is a novel enzyme from B. atrox venom, being denominated BatroxPLA 2 .Conclusions The present study successfully standardized a simple methodology to isolate the metalloprotease Batroxase and the acidic PLA 2 BatroxPLA2 from the venom of B. atrox, consisting mainly of classical chromatographic processes. These two enzymes will be used in future studies to evaluate their effects on the complement system and the inflammatory process, in addition to the thrombolytic potential of the metalloprotease.

Objective: To identify the issues occurred with nursing workers through a Health Monitoring System for Nursing Workers (SIMOSTE) and to describe the consequences of those problems. Method: This is a quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study realized in a teaching hospital in the west region of the city of São Paulo. Results: From the SIMOSTE, 1.847 occurrences were registered in a six month period. Within the main occurrences, medical licenses, work related accidents with and without removals; psychiatric consultations and psychotherapy were highlighted. Conclusion: The data points out to the need for the development of new health vigilance actions to notify accidents and illness related to work, besides the prevention of issues. 


Objetivo: Identificar los problemas de salud producidos en el personal de enfermería por medio del Sistema de Vigilancia de la Salud de los Trabajadores de Enfermería (SIMOSTE) y describir las consecuencias de esos problemas. Método: Estudio exploratorio cuantitativo y descriptivo realizado en un hospital universitario situado en el oeste de la ciudad de São Paulo. Resultados: En SIMOSTE se registraron 1.847 incidentes ocurridos en un periodo de 6 meses. Entre los eventos más importantes se destacan las licencias médicas, los accidentes laborales con y sin baja laboral, atención psiquiátrica y psicoterapia. Conclusión: Los datos apuntan a la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas acciones de vigilancia en salud dirigidas a la notificación de los accidentes y de las enfermedades profesionales, además de su prevención. 



Objetivo: Identificar os agravos ocorridos com os trabalhadores de enfermagem por meio do Sistema de Monitoramento da Saúde dos Trabalhadores de Enfermagem (SIMOSTE) e descrever as consequências desses agravos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza quantitativa do tipo exploratório descritivo que foi realizado em um hospital-escola situado na zona oeste do município de São Paulo. Resultados: A partir do SIMOSTE foram registradas 1.847 ocorrências no período de 6 meses. Entre as principais ocorrências destacam-se as licenças médicas, os acidentes de trabalho com e sem afastamentos, os atendimentos psiquiátricos e psicoterapia. Conclusão: Os dados apontam para a necessidade do desenvolvimento de novas ações de vigilância em saúde voltadas para a notificação dos acidentes e das doenças relacionadas ao trabalho, além da prevenção dos agravos.


Objetivo: Identificar os agravos ocorridos com os trabalhadores de enfermagem por meio do Sistema de Monitoramento da Saúde dos Trabalhadores de Enfermagem (SIMOSTE) e descrever as consequências desses agravos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza quantitativa do tipo exploratório descritivo que foi realizado em um hospital-escola situado na zona oeste do município de São Paulo. Resultados: A partir do SIMOSTE foram registradas 1.847 ocorrências no período de 6 meses. Entre as principais ocorrências destacam-se as licenças médicas, os acidentes de trabalho com e sem afastamentos, os atendimentos psiquiátricos e psicoterapia. Conclusão: Os dados apontam para a necessidade do desenvolvimento de novas ações de vigilância em saúde voltadas para a notificação dos acidentes e das doenças relacionadas ao trabalho, além da prevenção dos agravos.


Objective: To identify the issues occurred with nursing workers through a Health Monitoring System for Nursing Workers (SIMOSTE) and to describe the consequences of those problems. Method: This is a quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study realized in a teaching hospital in the west region of the city of São Paulo. Results: From the SIMOSTE, 1.847 occurrences were registered in a six month period. Within the main occurrences, medical licenses, work related accidents with and without removals; psychiatric consultations and psychotherapy were highlighted. Conclusion: The data points out to the need for the development of new health vigilance actions to notify accidents and illness related to work, besides the prevention of issues. 


Objetivo: Identificar los problemas de salud producidos en el personal de enfermería por medio del Sistema de Vigilancia de la Salud de los Trabajadores de Enfermería (SIMOSTE) y describir las consecuencias de esos problemas. Método: Estudio exploratorio cuantitativo y descriptivo realizado en un hospital universitario situado en el oeste de la ciudad de São Paulo. Resultados: En SIMOSTE se registraron 1.847 incidentes ocurridos en un periodo de 6 meses. Entre los eventos más importantes se destacan las licencias médicas, los accidentes laborales con y sin baja laboral, atención psiquiátrica y psicoterapia. Conclusión: Los datos apuntan a la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas acciones de vigilancia en salud dirigidas a la notificación de los accidentes y de las enfermedades profesionales, además de su prevención. 



Este estudo visou determinar o efeito da abertura de dossel, profundidade da serapilheira, cátions e textura do solo sobre a composição da assembléia de Piper em mesoescala. A composição da assembléia de Piper e as variáveis ambientais foram amostradas em 41 parcelas de 0,125 ha ( 250 × 5 m) localizadas em áreas de floresta de terra firme no interflúvio Madeira-Purus, Amazônia Central. A ordenação das 41 parcelas por NMDS em uma dimensão capturou 58% da variação florística e foi usada com a variável resposta nos modelos de regressão múltipla. As variáveis ambientais explicaram 39% da variação na composição da assembléia de Piper, que esteve significativamente relacionada com profundidade da serapilheira, textura do solo e abertura de dossel. O efeito de fatores edáficos sobre a estrutura de comunidades vegetais foi reportado para diferentes grupos de plantas, entretanto o forte efeito da profundidade da serapilheira em mesoescala ainda não tinha sido demonstrado. Sugerimos que a variação da profundidade da serapilheira, por ter um efeito direto ou indireto na germinação e consequente estabelecimento dos indivíduos, influencia a distribuição das espécies de Piper e provavelmente de outros grupos de plantas em mesoescala espacial.

This study aimed to determine the effects of canopy openness, litter depth, soil cation content and texture on Piper assemblage composition at a mesoscale. Piper assemblage composition and environmental variables were inventoried in 41 0.125 ha (250 × 5 m) plots placed in a terra firme forest located in the Madeira-Purus interfluve, Central Amazonia. Ordination of the 41 plots by Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) in one dimension captured 58% of the floristic variation and was used as the response variable in multiple regression models. Environmental variables explained 39% of the variation in Piper assemblage composition, which was significantly related to litter depth, soil texture and canopy openness, but not to the cation content. Effects of edaphic components on plant assemblage structure have been reported for different plant groups, however the strong effect of litter depth at a mesoscale had not yet been demonstrated. We suggest that litter depth variation not only influences the structure of Piper assemblages, but also of other plant groups at a mesoscale, as this environmental variable has a direct or indirect effect on species germination and establishment.

This article studies the question of whether Kazantzakis' Odyssey can be called an epic and whether an epic is a genre of other times and realities, and, on the other hand, supposing it can, which special features it displays as such. Beginning with the analysis of the "Prologue", which replaces the traditional invocation to the Muse by an invocation to the sun, a series of elements which show a clear continuity with the corresponding elements of the Homeric Odyssey are studied. The theme of Odysseus' identity is specially important, because it is wholly reaífirmed in the first two rhapsodies. The characterization made by the author of the modern poem highlights the conjunction in this text of the Apollonian and Dionysian elements.

Estudio aborda, por una parte, la cuestión de sí la Odisea de Kazantzakis puede ser calificada de epopeya y si la epopeya es un género de otras épocas y realidades, y, por otra parte, en el supuesto que pueda calificarse de epopeya, qué rasgos especiales presenta como tal. Empezando por el análisis del "Prólogo", en el que se reemplaza la tradicional invocación a la Musa por una invocación al sol, se comprueban una serie de elementos que muestran una continuidad clara con los elementos correspondientes déla Odisea homérica. Especial importancia reviste el tema de la identidad de Odiseo, la cual, a especialmente a través de las dos primeras rapsodias, queda plenamente reafirmada. En la caracterización que hace la autora del poema moderno, es de destacar la conjunción en este texto de los elementos apolíneo y dionisíaco.

Dada a ausência de informações sobre a biologia de lagartas que ocorrem em plantas de cerrado, apresentamos aqui algumas informações sobre larvas do gênero Inga Busk. Lagartas foram coletadas, semanalmente, em 15 indivíduos de Diospyros burchelli Hern. (Ebenaceae), de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2003, em 30 indivíduos de Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocaraceae), de julho de 2003 a junho de 2004 e, em várias outras espécies de plantas desde 1991. No total foram encontradas 15 espécies de Inga em plantas de cerrado, no DF. Nove espécies foram raras com até cinco adultos obtidos em criação no laboratório. As outras seis espécies ocorreram durante o ano sendo mais abundantes entre maio e julho (estação seca), o que coincide com a época de maior abundância de lagartas no cerrado. As lagartas do gênero Inga constroem abrigos, juntando duas folhas maduras ou velhas com fios de seda, onde se alimentam e desenvolvem (um hábito comum entre os Oecophorinae). Larvas de último instar constroem, dentro do abrigo, um tipo de envelope onde completam seu desenvolvimento e empupam. A separação das espécies das lagartas é muito difícil. Características externas permitem o reconhecimento de apenas quatro espécies de Inga: I. haemataula (Meyrick), I. phaecrossa (Meyrick), I. ancorata (Walsingham), and I. corystes (Meyrick). Essas quatro espécies têm ampla distribuição geográfica e são polífagas. Neste artigo, apresentamos informações não encontradas na literatura sobre a história natural de seis espécies de Inga comuns em plantas hospedeiras de cerrado.

We sampled Inga Busk species caterpillars weekly in the cerrado on 15 plants of Diospyros burchellii Hern. (Ebenaceae) from January 2002 to December 2003, on 30 plants of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) from July 2003 to June 2004, and since 1991 on several other plant species. In total we found 15 species of Inga on cerrado host plants. Nine species were very rare, with only one to five adults reared. The other six species occurred throughout the year, with higher abundance during the dry season, from May to July, coinciding with overall peaks of caterpillar abundance in the cerrado. Caterpillars of the genus Inga build shelters by tying and lining two mature or old leaves with silk and frass, where they rest and develop (a common habit found in Oecophorinae). The final instar builds a special envelope inside the leaf shelter, where it will complete the larval stage and pupate. The species are very difficult to distinguish in the immature stages. External features were useful in identifying only four species: I. haemataula (Meyrick), I. phaecrossa (Meyrick), I. ancorata (Walsingham), and I. corystes (Meyrick). These four species are polyphagous and have wide geographical distributions. In this paper we provide information on the natural history and host plants of six Inga species common on cerrado host plants, for which there are no reports in the literature.